Mental Health And Health Care - 3259 Words

Mental Health Services in Rural Canada When looking at the rural areas of Canada, there is one particular area of health care that appears to be lacking – mental health care services. This can have many serious implications on the communities in which are being underserved, as well for the nurses and health care professionals providing the care for those with mental illness. Approximately 99.8 percent of Canada is considered to be a rural area (World Health Organization, 2009). Within this, there are over six million Canadians, approximately 20 percent, residing within these rural areas (Statistics Canada, 2006). The need for mental health care in rural areas of Canada is on the rise, yet there are still many barriers, identified in the†¦show more content†¦There have been many barriers identified throughout the literature that ultimately prevent rural Canadian’s from receiving and utilizing mental health services. The most commonly identified barrier is the geographical distance from services (Dyck Hardy, 2013; Happell, Gaskin, Hoey, Nizette Veach, 2013). Many of the services offered in urban areas of Canada are simply not available in rural parts of Canada (Hardy et al., 2011). This brings about more challenges, with the potential lack of transportation or lack of funds to pay for transportation to urban centers with necessary service s (Dyck Hardy, 2013). For those living with mental illness, this can cause unnecessary distress, and can potentially cause exacerbation of any illness from which one may be suffering (Panazzola Leipert, 2013). Unemployment and finances as barrier. In urban parts of Canada, many community mental health teams are responsible for assisting their clients find employment, however such services are very limited in rural Canada. It is been made clear that many individuals living with mental illness in rural areas are unemployed (Rebeiro Gruhl, 2012). According to Statistics Canada (2006), over 77 percent of those living with mental illness are without jobs. This is a very significant finding, as we know that employment is considered one of the social determinants of health (Rebeiro Gruhl, 2012). Being unemployed brings about many more challenges on top of living with mental

The Pearl Essay - 594 Words

The Pearl Theme: The main idea of this story is definitely bad luck. Kino and his family are poor but they have somewhat decent health. However when Coyotito gets sick and the Pearl is found that all changes. What this book is trying to say is that money is not everything in life. And in some cases, it brings bad luck. Money can also bring greed, as in the doctor’s case. Setting: This story takes place in a small village somewhere near the sea. The inhabitants of this village are predominantly poor Indians who have very small living quarters. There is also a higher class area of this village where the doctor lives. However that area is secluded from the area in which the Indians live in. Conflict†¦show more content†¦Every store that he went to offered him a small amount of money for the pearl. They said that the pearl was fake and that it would decay in a matter of time. Kino became very frustrated by all of the nonsense that was going on. His wife Juana even urged him to throw the pearl back into the sea where he found it.They both decide that they will leave their home in the morning and set off for the north. But when they wake up a man attacks Kino, who quickly fights off the man and eventually kills him. Fire is also set onto Kino’s home destroying it and many other homes. Kino and his family hide out at Juan Tomas’ house for a few days. Now Kino, Juana, and Coyotito are ready to escape from this nightmare and begin a journey. They set off at night, and travel only at night. During the day, they hid from the trackers. They continue traveling until one day the trackers come extremely close to Kino. Coyotito is mistaken by one of the trackers as a coyote. Out of instinct, the tracker shoots and instantly kills Coyotito. Juana and Kino are stunned by the sudden turn of tragic events and decide to return home. Upon their arrival home, they both agree that the pearl has caused them enough bad luck. Therefore.. the pearl is thrown into the sea, never to be found again. Protagonist: The main character of the pearl would definitely have to be Kino. Kino is a very hard working pearl diver. However, although he is hard working, that does not mean that he is very bright. ForShow MoreRelatedThe Pearl Of The World1306 Words   |  6 Pagesprosperity. It is a window into a life of higher status and more achievement. It is the â€Å"pearl of the world.† In The Pearl by John Steinbeck, Kino, an impoverished pearl diver, finds the pearl of legend, an enormous, shining jewel plucked from the mouth of an oyster. Hoping to sell the pearl and rid themselves of poverty and ignorance, Kino, Juana, his devoted wife, and Coyotito, their infant son, travel to the pearl buyers’ offices, where they intend to make a profit by exchanging their incredible discoveryRead MoreThe Pearl Of The World1487 Words   |  6 PagesA pearl is conventionally associated with wealth and prosperity. Like a philosopher’s stone, the pearl is believed to convert sorro ws into happiness. Kino, a pearl diver and his wife, Juana, along with their son, Coyotito, are a poverty-stricken family until they discover â€Å"the greatest pearl in the world.† (19) With hopes and dreams for themselves and their son’s future, Kino and Juana perceive this pearl to be a resolution for all of their troubles. After finding â€Å"the Pearl of the World,† (22)Read MorePearls : The Most Common Pearl Makers Are Oysters1160 Words   |  5 PagesPearls come from mollusks they are a group of animals that includes oysters, clams, and mussels, among others. Any mollusk that has a shell can make pearls, the most common pearl-makers are oysters. Pearls have a history in Chinese, Indian, Persian, Egyptian, Roman, Greek, Mayan, Aztec and Incan civilisations. Pearls have been used and collected for more than 4000 years, this makes them have the title of the world s oldest gem in the world. There are three types of pearls and they are naturalRead MoreSymbolism of the Pearl in The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay461 Words   |  2 Pagesthe Pearl in The Pearl by John Steinbeck In The Pearl, by John Steinbeck, evil transforms certain humble citizens into envious savages. It is this evil which moves the story along and adds drama. It causes the beginning of a happy spirit, but the downfall of goodness and humanity. Evil is shown by the doctor many times during the story. At first, he refuses to treat Coyotito because his parents have no money. When the doctor heard of Kino and Juanas fortune in finding the pearl of theRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Pearls925 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Pearls What is a pearl? A pearl is a pellet of calcium carbonate. Of all the gems in the world, it is the only one created by a living creature. A pearl is found in an oyster or other mollusk. They are grown in limited areas of the worlds oceans and come in wide range of shapes and colors. The value of a particular pearl is determined by a number of factors. The prices of these precious stones are widely varied depending on the perfection of the stone. A pearl is a very uniqueRead MoreThe Pearl By John Steinbeck924 Words   |  4 Pagesnovella, The Pearl by John Steinbeck, Kino lives with his wife, Juana, and his child Coyotito. The family lives in a small village in a town where the Spanish colonized. Coyotito goes through something striking and in order to fix it, Kino finds something life changing. Throughout the story, Steinbeck shows that materialism and greed left unchecked can lead to immoral behavior shown through the unnamed trackers, the doctor, and the main character Kino himself. Kino’s attachment to the pearl causes himRead MoreThe Pearl By John Steinbeck900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pearl by John Steinbeck appears to be a story about a man and his quest to save his son and create financial stability for his family. However, the real plot behind The Pearl tells the story of a man how the sudden experience of wealth corrupts his soul and causes him to turn on those he loves. The main theme of The Pearl is greed and how it breeds nothing but pain to those who are effected by it, it can be seen throughout the entire story, from when Kino beats his wife, the priests swarmingRead More The Action of The Pearl Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesThe Action of The Pearl The discovery of the magnificent pearl changed the lives of Kino and Juana severely because they were not used to this kind of wealth. Before they found the pearl, Kino and Juana lived a happy, humble and quiet life. Kino heard the little splash of the morning waves on the beach. It was very good - Kino closed his eyes again to listen to his music.(Pg. 1-2) Kino loved the simple life; nevertheless whenever things were beginning to look good and simple something wentRead MoreThe Pearl By John Steinbeck815 Words   |  4 Pagesthe characters in The Pearl by John Steinbeck demonstrate great signs of greed others show a lack of greed. Greed can Mentally and physically destroy a man. And in this case it did. Kino. Is of great importance in The Pearl he is brave and smart. But when he fell into wealth while pearl diving in his family canoe. His whole life changed, he went from a simple man with almost no problems to a man who was constantly being robbed and trying to be cheated out of his pearl and his money. KinoRead MoreThe Pearl By John Steinbeck871 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pearl A pearl...is it worth $1,000, $100,000, or the risk of the death of your valuable family’s lives? John Steinbeck answers this question with the novella, The Pearl. Kino was an impecunious man. He lived with his wife Juana, and his very young son Coyotito. Together, they lived buoyantly as a family. One day, he uncovered a small yet bijou pearl that affected the whole family and even the entire town! Will the pearl eventually bring wealth and happiness to his family, or will it make the

Face Recognition Applications for Mobile Video Devices Free Essays

Abstract Automatic face detection and recognition has proved to have significant potential as a research and development topic in image and real time video processing. Though complex, demanding and often error prone, a well-built face recognition system has considerable applicability in biometric scanning for airport control or in any field that requires security and surveillance measures. Even more, there is high demand from mobile companies for challenging face recognition and detection applications for devices whose video cameras have enhanced a great deal in recent years. We will write a custom essay sample on Face Recognition Applications for Mobile Video Devices or any similar topic only for you Order Now This project is looking to investigate face recognition techniques and classification algorithms such as principal component analysis and nearest-neighbour algorithm, methods for performing face detection using Haar-like filters and implementing such concepts in a fully functional and tested system Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Project Objectives The aim of this project was to research techniques for performing face recognition and detection by machines, implement and assess the applicability of such a system and test the system. The specific objectives were the following: To understand the basics of face recognition techniques and algorithms such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Nearest Neighbour Algorithm To understand image processing techniques such as resizing, thresholding, greyscale conversion, histogram equalization To develop a real-time face recognition algorithm using PCA To test the system performance on a database of people such as the ORL database but also in real-tim 1.2 Introduction to the concepts of Face Recognition Over the last decade the face recognition area has become a subject of great interest due to its applicability in many fields such as Computer Vision and Biometrics and it is advancing rapidly in potentially becoming one of the greatest research topics in understanding human behaviour. The act of recognising a face is an extremely simple human act for your average individual so much so that it is not even consciously acknowledged. Take the case of a person watching their favourite show on television: as soon as the protagonist pops up onto the screen their face is instantly recognised and this behavioural act, simple as it may seem at a first glance, is what started computer face recognition research. Only by trying to design a system that has some of the capabilities of a human being, that you actually begin to appreciate this amazing gift. Face Recognition Systems have their uses in many fields such as security human tracking and biometrics in controlled environments (environments in which the system is provided with the right parameters so that it will function correctly such as proper lighting, correct body posture) but also shows commercial potential for mobile devices. Having the capability to recognise human faces on your hand-held device would be a major achievement and would help to integrate such systems into the human world. But what should we focus on if we wish to build a face recognition systemComparison of static images is a simple thing to implement in a program but recognition is much more than this. When we look at a person’s face the image our brain receives is mostly different at every moment in time: the facial expression, the eye focus, the angle of the head are all different. The word â€Å"mostly† is used intentionally to reflect the fact that the similarities between images are the key to solving the face recognition problem. These similarities are what allows a person to distinguish a person from another but also to tell that a couple of images are of the same person. There is always a pattern between images of a person and finding a way of exploiting this characteristic in a systematic way is paramount to the face recognition topic. The project focuses on investigating eigenfaces for recognition (PCA) and how they might be used to recognise faces. Image processing techniques have been investigated, with the goal of constructing a functional facial recognition system. Moreover, face detection techniques have been researched, which are used to detect and isolate faces contained within an image. The two topics, detection and recognition were implemented separately for improved testability, but were later integrated into a final system that provides real-time detection and recognition of people, using a video camera. 1.3 Recognition Techniques 1.3.1 Previous Work Previous work in the field of facial recognition has focused on detecting individual features such as eyes, nose, mouth and head outline and defining a model for the relationship between these features [1]. Even though this approach has proven to be inefficient because the relationships between facial features is insufficient to account for the way human recognition works [1]. The first research to attempt to build a semi-automated recognition system was Woody Bledsoe in the 1960’s [3]. His system involved tracing major facial features manually such as eye corner, nose tip, mouth corners etc. He then calculated the normalized difference of these features from a reference point and compared the differences with a set of reference data. The process was slow as the calculations had to be done manually, so his system was far from automatic. Later on, Goldstein, Harmon Lensk [4] created a system that used 21 of these features in standard classification techniques but it proved to be hard to automate. The first to provide a systematic way of performing face recognition were Turk and Pentland in the 1980’s in their widely known paper â€Å"Eigenfaces for Recognition†[1]. Their technique uses Principal Component Analysis to reduce the dimensionality of a set of components used to describe a face as well as noise contained in the set of pictures. In recent years, 3D face recognition has become a popular research topic for its ability to achieve better recognition accuracy due to not being sensitive to lighting changes, head rotation, make-up and change in facial expression, factors which heavily and negatively affect 2D recognition methods [5]. Drawbacks of such systems include a large amount of necessary memory for storing the faces as 3D meshes and textures. 1.4 The ORL Database of Faces The â€Å"ORL Database of Faces† [6] is a vector of 400 images of 40 individuals which is heavily used in face recognition research. There are 10 different images for each individual and each of them is taken at different times, varying the lighting, facial expressions (open/closed eyes, smiling/not smiling) and facial details (wearing glasses or makeup). The same background is used in all the photos, with the subjects standing in upright, frontal position with a tolerance of about 15-18 degrees for side movement. Figure 1.1: The 40 subjects in the ORL database Each image has a resolution of 92 x 112 pixels and has been cropped and centered.. The format of the image files is pgm (portable grey map) which is a greyscale formatted array that contains a single 16-bit value for each pixel (the brightness information). This format was used because colour is not required in the recognition process and only one value must be stored and processed for each pixel reducing the complexity of the system. Although taken in a methodical manner (same background, approximately the same lighting conditions) and not fully representative of the arbitrary conditions found in a mobile real-time recognition system (changing lighting conditions, photos taken over long periods of time with significant physical changes present, random background), there is plenty of variation present in the sets that was very useful for initial testing of the prototype recognition system. 1.2 Three 10 image sets of three subjects from the database Chapter 2: Initial Research and Development 2.1 Synopsis This chapter will focus on the findings of the initial research of the project which was necessary to gain an understanding of the requirements for building a prototype facial recognition system and testing it. Research began with understanding basic image processing techniques (bicubic interpolation resizing, greyscale conversion, histogram fitting) that are all required for recognition. Later on, my research was focused on the Eigenface approach (PCA or Karhunen-Loeve transformation), classification and thresholding techniques and way of implementing them in Matlab 2.2 Compressing the images (Dimensionality Reduction) The ORL database is small (in terms of number of photos), with every image containing 92 x 112 pixels/values (10,304). Knowing that each value is 2 bytes and that every value is processed multiple times in the PCA algorithm we can appreciate that without any compression performance of the system will be very slow. Compression or dimensionality reduction is clearly needed in order to save space, achieve better performance and get rid of unnecessary information. 2.3 Principal Component Analysis 2.3.1 Introduction Work previous to PCA or Karhunen-Loeve transformation (KLT) used face features(eyes, nose, mouth) as a means of recognising faces since these features seemed intuitive to the way humans recognize faces. Chapter 4: References and Works Cited [1] Turk and Pentland, Eigenfaces for Recognition. [Online] http://www.face-rec.org/algorithms/PCA/jcn.pdf [2] Wikipedia, Facial recognition system [Online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_recognition_system [3] Bledsoe, Man-Machine Facial Recognition, 1966 [4] Goldstein, Harmon, and Lesk, â€Å"Identification of Human Faces†, 1971 [5] Wikipedia, 3D Face Recognition [Online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional_face_recognition [6] The ORL Database of Faces, University of Cambridge http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/dtg/attarchive/facedatabase.html How to cite Face Recognition Applications for Mobile Video Devices, Essay examples